Feodor Ingvar Kamprad ( Swedish: Ã, [': var' kam: prad] Ã, ( listen ) ; March 30, 1926 - January 27, 2018) is businessman Swedish . He is the founder of IKEA, a multinational retail company specializing in furniture. He lived in Switzerland from 1976 to 2014.
Video Ingvar Kamprad
Kehidupan awal
Kamprad was born in PjÃÆ'¤tteryd (now part of ÃÆ'â € žlmhult Municipality), Kronobergs lÃÆ'¤n, in SmÃÆ'  ¥ land, Sweden, to Feodor Kamprad (1893-1984) and Berta nÃÆ'  © e Nilsson (1903-1956). His mother came from Sweden, while his father was born in Germany and came to Sweden aged one with his parents. The father of Kamprad prince Achim Erdmann Kamprad is from Altenburger Land in Thuringia, and his paternal grandmother Franzisca ("Fanny") Glatz was born in Radonitz (Radonice) in Bohemia in Austria-Hungary; they left Germany for Sweden in 1896.
Kamprad surname is a variant of "Comrade" and dating from the 14th century; in the 19th century, the Kamprad family had become rich landowners in Thuringia. Mrs. Achim Kamprad is a distant relative of Paul von Hindenburg. Achim is the youngest son of a planter and has purchased Elmtaryd farmland (now a standard ÃÆ'â € žlmtaryd ) near the small village of Agunnaryd (now part of Ljungby Municipality) in SmÃÆ'  ¥ land province; with 449 hectares of land, it is the largest farm in the area. He committed suicide a few years after Frans Feodor was born, leaving the farm to Franzisca and with Franz Feodor time. Ingvar Kamprad lives on the farm with his parents, sister and grandmother from the age of 6.
Ingvar Kamprad visited the ancestral city of his family in Thuringia and kept in contact with relatives there.
Maps Ingvar Kamprad
Careers
Kamprad began to develop business as a youth. He started selling the game at the age of five. When he was seven years old, he began traveling further on his bike to sell to neighbors. He found he could buy very cheap matches from Stockholm, sell them individually for a low price, and still make a good profit. From matches, he spread his wings to sell fish, Christmas tree ornaments, seeds, and pen and pencil ballpoint pen. When Kamprad was 17 years old, his father gave him cash prizes to succeed in his studies.
In 1943, when he was 17, Kamprad founded IKEA in Sweden, selling replicas of his uncle Ernst's kitchen table. In 1948, Kamprad diversified its portfolio, adding furniture. The business is mostly post orders. IKEA acronym consists of his initials ( I ngvar K amprad) plus the acronym E lmtaryd, the family farm where he was born, and the nearest village A gunnaryd where he grew up.
In June 2013, Kamprad resigned from Inter council IKEA Holding SA and his youngest son Mathias Kamprad replaced Per Ludvigsson as chairman of the holding company. After his decision to resign, the 87-year-old founder explained, "I see this as a good time for me to leave Inter council of IKEA Group by which we also take another step in the generation shift that has been going on for several years." Mathias and two his older brother, who also has a leadership role at IKEA, works on the company's overall vision and long-term strategy.
Net Wealth and Stichting INGKA Foundation
The Netherlands-registered Stichting INGKA Foundation is named Ingvar Kamprad (ie, ING KA) which owns INGKA Holding, the parent company for all IKEA stores. In May 2006 the charity foundation was reported by The Economist to be the world's richest charity, but Bill & amp; The Melinda Gates Foundation has since become larger. Despite the size of its contribution, its main objective is to minimize corporate tax and anti-take over protection for IKEA. Kamprad is chairman of the foundation.
According to an article in the Swedish business weekly Veckans AffÃÆ'¤rer in 2004, Kamprad is one of the richest people in the world. This report is based on the assumption that Kamprad owns the whole company, the approach of both IKEA and the Kamprad family was denied. Kamprad retained a slight ownership interest in the company, having shifted its interest to Stichting INGKA Foundation and INGKA Holding as part of a complex tax protection scheme that made the degree of mastery unclear.
In March 2010, Forbes magazine estimated Kamprad's fortune of US $ 23 billion, making it the eleventh richest person in the world. A year later, he fell to number 162 after his lawyers made documents proving that the foundation he founded and head of Liechtenstein had IKEA, and that his rules forbade him and his family to take advantage of his funds. In June 2015, Kamprad was listed as the eighth richest man in the world in Bloomberg Billionaires Index, with an estimated net worth of $ 58.7 billion. Forbes reported Kamprad's net worth as of February 2016 to $ 3.4 billion.
Work
Although generally private, Kamprad has published several famous works. He first specified his philosophy of simplicity and simplicity in a manifesto titled A Testament of a Furniture Dealer in 1976.
Kamprad also worked with Swedish journalist Bertil Torekull on Leading by Design: The Story of IKEA . In an autobiographical book, Kamprad further describes his philosophy and the trials and triumphs of IKEA's establishment.
Fascist engagement
In 1994, personal letters from Swedish fascist Per Engdahl were published after his death, and it was revealed that Kamprad had joined the pro-fascist Swedish New Movement Engdahl ( Nysvenska RÃÆ'¶relsen ) in 1942. , at the age of 16 years. Kamprad had raised funds for the group, and recruited members for it, at least until the end of September 1945. When he left the group unknown, but he remained a friend of Engdahl until the early 1950s.
Kamprad presents two chapters for this time at Nysvenska RÃÆ'¶relsen in his book Leading by Design: The Story of IKEA and, in a 1994 letter to an IKEA employee, calls affiliation with the organization "an error greatest in his life ". Kamprad explains teenage involvement in the New Swedish Movement as politically influenced by his father and grandmother in the German-Sudet. In 2011, journalist Elisabeth ÃÆ'â € | sbrink revealed that in 1943 the Swedish Security Service had created a file in Kamprad titled "Nazi", and Kamprad had told him in an interview in 2010 that: "Per Engdahl is a great man, and I will defend it as long as I live ".
Writing in The Daily Telegraph in August 2011, Richard Orange noted that the 1943 file proved for the first time that Kamprad "is an active member of Svensk Socialistisk Samling - the successor of the Swedish Nationalist Socialist Working Party Party - even details its membership number, 4013 This quotes an intercepted letter from Mr Kamprad, then 17, where he is interested in recruiting new members and says that he 'does not miss the opportunity to work for the movement' ". Orange added, "The secret service concluded that, as Mr. Kamprad received the party youth newspaper, he must have held 'some sort of official position in the organization'". The following day, the BBC reported: "A Swedish expert on extreme extremism, Anna-Lena Lodenius, told Radio Sweden that Nazi Kamprad's involvement could no longer be dismissed as a by-product of the unintentional friendship with Per Engdahl, involvement in other fascist organizations, he said, indicating that he must be "very conscious" about what he is fighting for. " The BBC report also notes that a spokesman said that Kamprad "has long admitted to flirting with fascism, but now," there is no thought of Nazi sympathizers in Ingvar's head at all ' ".
Personal life
Kamprad and his first wife, Kerstin Wadling, adopted a daughter, Annika. In the 1960s, Kamprad married his second wife, Margaretha Kamprad-Stennert (1940-2011), whom he met when he was twenty years old. They have three sons: Peter, Jonas and Mathias.
He lived in ÃÆ'festes, Switzerland, from 1976 to 2014. Kamprad moved back to SmÃÆ'  ¥ land in Sweden in March 2014 after 40 years overseas. While working with a furniture manufacturer in Poland early in his career, Kamprad became an alcoholic. In 2004 he said that his drink was under control, and according to The New York Times Kamprad "controlled it by drying it three times a year".
According to an interview with TSR, a French-language Swiss TV broadcaster, Kamprad drove Volvo 240 in 1993, just flying economy class, and encouraging IKEA employees to use both sides of the piece of paper. He reportedly recycles tea bags and is known for bagging salt and pepper packets at restaurants. Kamprad is also known to visit IKEA for "cheap food". He is known for buying Christmas paper and gifts in post-Christmas sales. The company he created is still well known for his attention to cost control, operational details and sustainable product development, allowing it to reduce its price by an average of 2-3% over the decade to 2010, while continuing its global expansion. Kamprad explains his social philosophy in Testament of a Furniture Dealer: "This is not just for the cost reasons we avoid luxury hotels, we do not need flashy cars, impressive titles, uniforms or other status symbols. relying on our strength and will! "Kamprad has a villa in Switzerland, a large estate in Sweden and a vineyard in Provence, France. Kamprad is also known to drive a Porsche for several years.
Kamprad has named his sons the only heirs of an entity called Ikano Group, which holds a substantial minority stake in IKEA estimated at US $ 1.5 billion. Her adopted daughter, Annika, is planned to receive about $ 300,000.
Death
Kamprad died in his sleep pneumonia at his home in the Land of Sweden, on January 27, 2018 at the age of 91. According to his will, half of Kamprad's legacy will go to projects in Norrland, a sparsely populated part of Sweden. Kamprad is reportedly looking to develop Norrland and allow for young people to live there.
See also
- The World Billionaire
References
External links
- Profile at Bloomberg Billionaires Index
- Ingvar Kamprad: Founder of IKEA and One of the Richest People in the World (Balance.com Entrepreneur)
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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