Time management

src: cdn.corporatefinanceinstitute.com

Time management is the process of planning and training the time control spent on a particular activity, especially to improve effectiveness, efficiency, or productivity. It is a juggling act of various demands of study, social life, work, family, and personal interests as well as a time-limited commitment. Using time effectively gives people "choice" of expenditure/managing activities at their own time and practicality.

This is a meta-activity for the purpose of maximizing the overall benefits of one set of other activities under limited time conditions, since the time itself can not be managed because it has been fixed. Time management can be aided by the various skills, tools, and techniques used to manage time when completing specific tasks, projects, and objectives according to the due date. Initially, time management refers to business or work activities only, but in the end the term is expanded to include personal activities as well. The time management system is a combination of processes, tools, techniques, and methods designed. Time management is usually a necessity in any project development as it determines project completion time and scope.

The main themes emerging from the literature on time management include the following:

• Create an environment conducive to effectiveness
• Priority settings
• Perform activities around prioritization.
• Reduced time-consuming process for non-priority
• Incentives to change behavior to ensure compliance with time-related deadlines.

Time management is related to different concepts such as:

• Project management: Time management can be considered a subset of project management and is better known as project planning and project scheduling. Time management has also been identified as one of the core functions identified in project management.
• Attention management deals with the management of cognitive resources, and especially the time when humans allocate their minds (and organize the minds of their employees) to perform some activities.

Organizational time management is the science of identifying, assessing, and reducing waste of time costs in an organization. It identifies, reports and financially rewards sustainable time, wasted time and effective time in an organization and develops business cases to convert wasted time into productive time through funding products, services, projects or initiatives with positive return on investment.

Video Time management

Creating an effective environment

Some time management literature emphasizes tasks related to creating an environment conducive to "real" effectiveness. This strategy includes principles such as:

• "organized" - triage documents and tasks
• "protect someone's time" with isolation, isolation, and delegate
• "achievement through goal management and through objectives" - emphasis on motivation
• "recovering from bad habits" - recovery from underlying psychological problems, eg. delay

The author on creating an environment for effectiveness refers to things like having a neat office or home to release creativity, and the need to protect "prime time". Literature also focuses on addressing chronic psychological problems such as delays.

Excessive and chronic inability to manage time effectively can result from Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) or attention deficit disorder (ADD). Diagnostic criteria include underachievement, difficulty getting organized, difficulty getting started, difficulty managing many simultaneous projects, and problems with follow-up. Some authors focus on the prefrontal cortex which is the newest part of the brain to evolve. It controls the function of attention span, impulse control, organization, learning from experience and self-monitoring, among others. Some authors have argued that changing the workings of the prefrontal cortex is possible and offers a solution.

Maps Time management

Set priorities and goals

Time management strategies are often associated with recommendations for setting personal goals. Literature emphasizes themes such as:

• "Work in Priority Order" - set goals and priorities
• "Set a gravity goal" - that pulls the action automatically

These goals are recorded and can be broken down into simple projects, action plans, or task lists. For an individual task or for a purpose, a rating of interest may be established, deadlines may be established, and priorities set. This process generates a plan with a list of tasks or schedule or activity calendar. Authors may recommend daily, weekly, monthly or other planning periods related to the various scope of planning or review. This is done in various ways, as follows.

ABCD Analysis

A technique that has been used in business management for a long time is the categorization of large data into groups. These groups are often marked A, B, and C - hence the name. Events are ranked based on these general criteria:

• A - Tasks that are considered urgent and important,
• B - Important but non-critical tasks,
• C - Unnecessary but urgent tasks,
• D - Unnecessary and non-urgent bags.

Each group is then ranked by priority. To further refine the priority, some individuals choose to then force-rank all "B" items either as "A" or "C". ABC analysis can combine more than three groups.

ABC analysis is often combined with Pareto analysis.

Pareto analysis

This is the idea 80% of the task can be completed in 20% of the time of disposable. The remaining 20% ​​of the task will take up to 80%. This principle is used to sort the task into two parts. According to this Pareto analysis, it is recommended that the tasks included in the first category be given a higher priority.

The 80-20 rule can also be applied to increase productivity: it is assumed that 80% of productivity can be achieved by performing 20% ​​of the task. Similarly, 80% of the results can be attributed to 20% of activity. If productivity is the goal of time management, then these tasks should be prioritized higher.

It depends on the method adopted to complete the task. There's always a simpler and easier way to get things done. If someone uses a complicated way, it will take some time. So, one should always try to find alternative ways to accomplish each task.

Eisenhower Method

The "Eisenhower Method" is derived from a quote given to Dwight D. Eisenhower: "I have two kinds of urgent, urgent, important, urgent, unimportant, and important issues."

By using the Eisenhower Decision Principle, the task is evaluated using the criteria of importance/nonessential and urgent/urgent, and then placed in the corresponding quadrant in the Eisenhower Matrix (also known as "Eisenhower Box" or "Eisenhower Decision Matrix"). The task is then addressed as follows:

Assignment on

1. Important Quadrant/Immediate immediately and privately eg. crisis, deadlines, problems.
2. Important Quantity/No Urgent get end date and finish personally eg. relationships, planning, recreation.
3. Non-Urgent/Urgent Quadrant delegated eg interrupt, meeting, event.
4. No Important/No Urgent quotas are dropped eg. time-wasters, fun activities, trivia.

This method is said to have been used by US President Dwight D. Eisenhower.

Domino reaction method

This is the idea that there is an action you invest once and that results from time to time on different channels. Writing a book is such an action, because it takes a one-time effort, and once you've done it it continues to serve you.

POSEC Method

POSEC is an acronym for "Prioritizing by Organizing, Streamlining, Saving and Contributing". This method specifies templates that emphasize a sense of individual emotional and monetary security on an average basis. This shows that by taking into account one's personal responsibility first, one is better positioned to assume shared responsibility.

Inherent in the acronym is a hierarchy of self-realization, reflecting the hierarchy of Abraham Maslow's needs:

1. P rioritize - Time and define your life based on goals.
2. O rganize - Things you need to accomplish regularly to be successful (family and finances).
3. S treamline - Things you may not like but should do (work and task).
4. E konomize - Things you should do or may want to do, but they are not urgent (entertainment and socializing).
5. C ontribute - Taking into account some of the remaining things that make a difference (social obligation).

Implementation of goals

A to-do list (also a to-do list or hal-to-do ) is a list of tasks to complete, such as tasks or steps - step towards completing the project. It is an inventory tool that serves as an alternative or supplement to memory.

The task list is used in self-management, shopping lists, business management, project management, and software development. This may involve more than one list.

When one item on the task list is completed, the task is checked or crossed out. The traditional method is to write this on a piece of paper with a pen or pencil, usually on a notebook or clipboard. The task list can also be a checklist of papers or software.

Author Julie Morgenstern suggests "do and do not do" time management that includes:

• Map everything that matters, by creating a task list.
• Create a "time oasis" for one control.
• Say "No".
• Set priorities.
• Do not drop everything.
• Do not think an important task will be done in your spare time.

Many digital equivalents are now available, including personal information management applications (PIMs) and most PDAs. There are also several web-based task list apps, many of which are free.

Organizational task list

The task list is often parsed and tiered. The simplest tiered system includes a list of common tasks (or file holder assignments) to record all tasks that people have to complete, and a daily list of things created each day by transferring tasks from common task lists. The alternative is to create a "do not have to do" list, to avoid unnecessary tasks.

The task list is often prioritized:

• The daily list of things to do, numbered in order of importance, and done in that order one by one until the time allowed, is associated with consultant Ivy Lee (1877-1934) as the most lucrative advice received by Charles M. Schwab (1862-1939), president of Bethlehem Steel Corporation.
• An early proponent of "ABC" priority was Alan Lakein, in 1973. In his system, "A" is the most important ("A-1" in the group), the next most important "B" , "C" is least important.
• A custom method for applying the ABC method sets "A" to the task that should be completed in one day, "B" a week, and "C" a month.
• To prioritize the daily task list, either record assignments in the highest priority order, or assign them a number after they are registered ("1" for the highest priority, "2" for the second highest priority etc.) showing where the command to perform the task. This latter method is generally faster, allowing tasks to be recorded faster.
• Another way to prioritize mandatory tasks (group A) is to put the most uncomfortable first. Once done, the other list is easier. Groups B and C can benefit from the same idea, but instead of doing the first (most unpleasant) task, motivate to do other tasks from the list to avoid the first.
• A completely different approach that puts on prioritizes everything put forward by English writer Mark Forster in his book "Do It Tomorrow and Other Time Management Secrets". This is based on the idea of ​​operating a list of "closed" tasks, rather than the traditional "open" list to do. He argues that a list of things that never end traditionally almost guarantee that some of your work will be left alone. This approach recommends that all your work is done, every day, and if you can not achieve it, you help diagnose where you are wrong and what needs to be changed.

Various authors have emphasized the possibility of difficulty with a list of things to do as follows:

• List management can take over from implementing it. This can be caused by a delay by extending the planning activity. This is similar to paralysis analysis. As with any activity, there is a diminishing return point.
• Several levels of detail should be taken for granted that the task system works. Instead of putting "cleaning the kitchen", "cleaning the bedroom", and "cleaning the bathroom", it is more efficient to place "housekeeping" and save the time spent writing and reduce the system administrative burden (every task put into the system generates cost in time and efforts to manage it, apart from execution of duties). However, the risk to consolidate the task is that the "housekeeping" in this example may prove to be exaggerated or unclear, which will increase the risk of delays, or mismanaged projects.
• The task list routinely wastes time. If you have a habit of daily tooth brushing, then there is no reason to put it on the task list. The same goes for getting out of bed, fixing food, etc. If you need to keep track of routine tasks, standard lists or charts may be useful, to avoid manual recording of these items repeatedly.
• To remain flexible, the task system should allow for disaster. Companies must be prepared for disasters. Even if it is a minor disaster, if no one takes the time for this situation, it can metastasize, potentially causing damage to the company.
• To avoid getting stuck in a wasteful pattern, the task system should also incorporate routine planning and system evaluation sessions (monthly, semi-annually, and yearly) to eliminate inefficiencies and ensure the user is heading in the direction he or she wants. or he really wants.
• If some time is not regularly spent reaching long-term goals, the individual may be trapped in a pattern of enduring hold on a short-term plan, such as staying on a certain job longer than originally planned.

Application software

Many companies use time tracking software to track employee time, billable hours, etc., eg. legal practice management software.

Many software products for time management support many users. They allow people to assign tasks to other users and use software for communication.

The task list application can be considered as a lightweight personal information manager or project management software.

The modern task list application may have a built-in task hierarchy (tasks consisting of subtasks that may again contain sub-tasks), can support multiple filtering methods and order task lists, and allow one to associate arbitrarily long records for each task.

Unlike the concept that allows people to use multiple filtering methods, at least one additional software product contains a mode in which the software will try to dynamically determine the best tasks for each particular moment.

Time management system

Time management systems often include hours of time or web-based applications used to track employees' hours. The time management system gives employers insight into their workforce, enabling them to view, plan, and manage employee time. Doing so allows employers to control labor costs and increase productivity. The time management system automates the process, which eliminates paperwork and tedious tasks.

GTD (Getting Things Done)

Getting Things Done created by David Allen. The basic idea behind this method is to solve all small tasks immediately and the big tasks will be divided into smaller tasks to start finalizing now. The reason behind this is to avoid excessive information or "brain freezing" that may occur when there are hundreds of tasks. The drive of GTD is to encourage users to get their assignments and ideas on paper and set up as quickly as possible so it's easy to manage and see.

Pomodoro

Francesco Cirillo's "Pomodoro Technique" was originally composed in the late 1980s and gradually refined until later defined in 1992. This technique is the name of the pomodoro pageroro (Italian for tomatoes) originally used by Cirillo during his time at university. The "Pomodoro" is described as a time-tested metric in engineering and is traditionally defined as 30 minutes, consisting of 25 minutes of work and 5 minutes of rest time. Cirillo also recommends a longer rest of 15 to 30 minutes after every four Pomodoros. Through an experiment involving various working groups and mentoring activities, Cirillo determined the "ideal Pomodoro" with a duration of 20-35 minutes.

src: corporatemonks.com

Non-priority deletion

Time management also includes ways of eliminating non-value assignments to individuals or organizations.

According to Sandberg, the task list "is not the key to the productivity they become." He reports about 30% of listeners spend more time managing their lists than [they] finish what's inside.

Hendrickson asserts that rigid adherence to task lists can create "tyranny from a to-do list" that forces one to "waste time on unimportant activities".

Learning time

Learning is considered a stress-free activity that informs attentively received exposure. Every form of stress is considered as debitative for learning and life, even if adaptability can be obtained (eustress) its effect is destructive. But stress is an inescapable part of everyday life and Reinhold Niebuhr advises against it, as if it has "the calm to accept the unchangeable and the courage to change the things a person can do."

Part of setting priorities and goals is the "worry" emotion, and its function is to ignore the present to fixate on a future that never comes, leading to the cost of time and energy of someone in vain. This is an unnecessary cost or an incorrect aspect that can disrupt the plan because of the human factor. Eisenhower's method is a strategy used to compete with worrying and boring tasks. Worrying as stress, is a reaction to a set of environmental factors; Understanding this is not part of the person who gives the person the possibility to manage it. Athletes under the coach call this management a "putting up the face of the game."

The change is harsh and the pattern of everyday life is the most ingrained habit. To eliminate non-priorities in learning time it is advisable to share tasks, capture moments, review task-handling methods, postpone unnecessary tasks (understood by current relevance and sense of urgency reflecting people's desires rather than interests), control life balance (rest, sleep, free time), and deceiving leisure and non-productive (listening to audio recording lectures, through lecture presentations while in queues, etc.).

Certain unnecessary factors that affect time management are habit, lack of task definition (lack of clarity), overwork work, guilt does not meet the objectives and subsequent avoidance of these tasks, defines the task with higher expectations than their worth (exaggerated-qualifications), focusing on things that have a clear positive outlook without assessing their importance for personal needs, tasks that require support and time, interests and multi-faceted conflicts, etc. The habituated systematic process becomes a tool that can be used people with ownership for effective time management.

src: files.lifehacks.io

See also

Sistem :

• Getting Things Done
• Teknik Pomodoro

Psychology/neuroscience

• Customs
• Control yourself
• Impulsivity
• Inhibit control

Psychiatry

• Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

src: i.ytimg.com

References

src: www.datamaticsinc.com

Further reading

• Allen, David (2001). Do something: Stress-Free Productivity Art . New York: Viking. ISBN: 978-0-670-88906-8.
• Fiore, Neil A (2006). Current Habit: A Strategic Program to Overcome Procrastination Habits and Enjoy a Feeling of Free Freedom . New York: Penguin Group. ISBN: 978-1-58542-552-5.
• Le Blanc, Raymond (2008). Achieving Goals Made Easy! Setting tool for practical purpose & amp; proven time management techniques . Maarheeze: Training Cranendonck. ISBN 90-79397-03-2.
• Secunda, Al (1999). 15 second principle: short, simple steps to achieve long term goals . New York: New York: Berkley Books. p.Ã, 157. ISBNÃ, 0-425-16505-1.

src: www.businessesgrow.com

External links

Source of the article : Wikipedia