A root canal is a natural anatomical space inside the root of the tooth. It consists of pulp space (in the coronal part of the teeth), the main channel (s), and the more complicated anatomical branches that can connect the root canals to one another or to the root surface.
Video Root canal
Structure
At the center of each tooth is a hollow region that shelters soft tissues, such as nerves, blood vessels, and connective tissue. This hollow region contains a relatively large space in the coronal part of the tooth called the pulp chamber. These canals travel through the center of the roots, similar to the way a pencil leads through a pencil. Pulp receives nutrients through the blood vessels, and the sensory nerves carry signals back to the brain. Teeth can be released from pain if there is permanent damage to the pulp, through root canal treatment.
The anatomy of the root canal consists of the pulp chamber and the root canal. Both contain pulp teeth. Smaller branches, referred to as accessory channels , are most commonly found near the tip of the root (peak), but can be found anywhere along the length of the root. The total number of root canals per tooth depends on the number of tooth roots ranging from one to four, five or more in some cases. Sometimes there is more than one root canal per root. Some teeth have a more varied internal anatomy than others. Unusual root canal shapes, complex branching (especially the presence of horizontal branches), and many root canals are considered the primary cause of root canal failure. (eg If the secondary root canal is not detected by the dentist and is not cleaned and sealed, it will remain infected, causing root canal therapy to fail).
Root canal system
The special features and complexity of dental internal anatomy have been thoroughly studied. Using replica techniques on thousands of teeth, Hess explained since 1917 that the internal roots of the tooth root are often complex systems consisting of central areas (root canals with round, oval or irregular cross-sectional shape) and lateral parts (fins, anastomoses and accessory ducts ). In fact, these lateral components can represent relatively large volumes, challenging the cleaning stage of instrumentation procedures in that vital or necrotic pulp tissue remnants and infectious elements are not easily removed in this area. Thus, the root canal image has a smooth and conical shape that is generally too idealistic and underestimates the reach of root canal instrumentation.
Contents
The space inside the root canal is filled with a highly vascularized loose connective tissue, called the dental pulp. The dental pulp is the tissue in which the dentin part of the tooth is formed. Pulp tooth helps complete the formation of secondary teeth (adult teeth) one to two years after the eruption into the mouth. Tooth pulp also nourishes and hydrates tooth structure, making teeth more supple, less brittle and less susceptible to fracturing from chewing hard foods. In addition, the dental pulp provides hot and cold sensory functions.
Variations
The root canal that presents the oval cross section is found in 50-70% of the root canal. In addition, channels with "tear-shaped" sections are common when single roots contain two channels (as happens, for example, with additional mesial roots seen with lower molar teeth), subtleties that can be more difficult to appreciate on classical radiography. Recent research has shown that the use of CT cone-down can detect an accessory channel that will be missed in 23% of cases, which in turn can cause apical periodontitis. The upper molars, in particular, tend to have occult accessory channels in nearly half of patients.
Maps Root canal
Clinical interests
Root canal is also an everyday term for dental surgery, endodontic therapy, where the pulp is cleaned, the space is disinfected and then filled.
When rotary nickel titanium (NiTi) files are used in channels with flat oval or tear-shaped flat transverse pieces, the circular hole is made due to the action of metal rotation. In addition, small cavities inside the ducts such as buccal or lingual orchards may not be instrumented in the teeth, potentially leaving residual diseases during disinfection.
Remnants of a network or biofilm along an instrumentless recess can cause failure due to inadequate disinfection and inability to properly obtain root canal space. As a result, biofilms should be removed with disinfectants during root canal treatment.
See also
- Dental implants
- Oral and maxillofacial surgery
- Ralph Frederick Sommer
References
External links
- Root Funnel in WebMD
- Video of Direct Pulp Packaging, an alternative to Root Canal therapy
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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