The World Wide Fund for Nature
It is the largest conservation organization in the world with over five million supporters worldwide, working in more than 100 countries, supporting about 1,300 conservation and environmental projects. They have invested more than $ 1 billion in more than 12,000 conservation initiatives since 1995. WWF is a foundation, with 55% funding from individuals and inheritance, 19% from government sources (such as the World Bank, DFID, USAID) and 8% from company by 2014.
The group aims to stop the degradation of the planet's natural environment and to build a future in which humans live in harmony with nature. "Their mission is to conserve nature and reduce the most pressing threats to diversity on earth.At present, their work is organized around these six areas: food, climate, freshwater, wildlife, forests, and oceans While working together, WWF believes we can protect and restore species and their habitats, strengthen the ability of local communities to conserve the natural resources they rely on, change markets and policies to reduce the impact of commodity production and consumption, ensure that the value of nature is reflected in decisions made by individuals, communities, governments and business and mobilize millions of people to support conservation
Video World Wide Fund for Nature
Yayasan Konservasi
The Conservation Foundation , a WWF predecessor, was founded in 1948 by Fairfield Osborn as an affiliate of the New York Zoological Society (now known as Wildlife Conservation Society) with the goal of protecting the world's natural resources.. Advisory councils include prominent scientists such as Charles Sutherland Elton, G. Evelyn Hutchinson, Aldo Leopold, Carl Sauer, and Paul Sears. It supports most of the scientific works cited by Rachel Carson Silent Spring, including the works of John L. George, Roger Hale, Robert Rudd, and George Woodwell.
Prince Bernhard of Lippe-Biesterfeld helped establish the World Wildlife Fund, became its first President in 1961, and in 1970 founded the WWF financial trust "The 1001: A Nature Trust". He resigned after engaging in the Lockheed Bribery Scandal.
In 1963, the Foundation held a conference and published a major report on the anthropogenic global warming warning, written by Noel Eichhorn based on the work of Frank Fraser Darling (then vice-president of the foundation), Edward Deevey, Erik Eriksson, Charles Keeling, Gilbert Plass, Lionel Walford, and William Garnett.
In 1990, the Conservation Foundation was merged into WWF, after becoming a WWF affiliate in 1985, when it became a different legal entity but with the same staff and board. The organization now known as the Conservation Foundation in the United States is the former Forest Foundation of DuPage County.
Maps World Wide Fund for Nature
Morges Manifesto
The idea for funding on behalf of endangered animals was originally proposed by Victor Stolan to Sir Julian Huxley in response to an article he published in the British newspaper The Observer. This proposal led Huxley to put Stolan in contact with Max Nicholson, a person who has had thirty years of experience connecting progressive intellectuals with large business interests through the political think tank and Economic Planning. Nicholson thought about the name of the organization. WWF was conceived on 29 April 1961, under the name of World Wildlife Fund , and its first office opened on September 11 of the same year in Morges, Switzerland. WWF is conceived to act as a funding agency for existing conservation groups such as the International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources and the Conservation Foundation. Godfrey A. Rockefeller also played an important role in his creation, gathering the first staff. Its stance is marked by the signing of "Morges Manifesto", a founding document that establishes a funding commitment to help organizations worth fighting to save the world's wildlife:
They need money above all, to carry out mercy missions and to meet conservation emergencies by buying land where wildlife is threatened, and in many other ways. Money, for example, to pay for wildlife protection guards.... Money for education and propaganda among those who would care and help if only they understood. Money to send experts to danger areas and train more local officers and helpers in Africa and elsewhere. Money to maintain a kind of 'war room' at the international conservation headquarters shows where the danger points are and makes it possible to ensure that their needs are met before it's too late.
Next history
WWF has established offices and operations around the world. It initially works with fundraising and provides grants to existing non-governmental organizations, based on the best available scientific knowledge and with an initial focus on the protection of endangered species. As more resources are available, their operations are extended to other areas such as biodiversity conservation, sustainable use of natural resources, pollution reduction, and climate change. The organization also started its own conservation projects and campaigns, and in 1980 began to take a more strategic approach to conservation activities.
In 1986, the organization changed its name to World Wide Fund for Nature , while retaining the initials of WWF. However, it continued at that time to operate with real names in the United States and Canada.
The year was the 25th anniversary of the WWF foundation, an event marked by a meeting in Assisi, Italy where the International President of the organization, HRH Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh, invited religious authorities representing Buddhism, Christianity, Hinduism, Islam and Judaism. These leaders produce the Assisi Declaration, a theological statement that shows the spiritual connection between followers and their nature that sparked growth in the involvement of religions with conservation around the world.
In the 1990s, WWF revised its mission statement to:
Stop the degradation of the planet's natural environment and to build a future in which humans live in harmony with nature, by:
- preserving the world's biodiversity;
- ensuring that sustainable use of renewable resources is sustainable; [and]
- promote waste reduction and wasteful consumption.
WWF scientists and many others identified 238 ecoregions representing the world's most remarkable terrestrial, freshwater, and marine habitats, based on a worldwide biodiversity analysis that the organization said was the first of its kind. In the early 2000s (decades), his work focused on this subgroup of ecoregions, in forest areas, conservation of freshwater and marine habitats, conservation of endangered species, climate change, and the elimination of the most toxic chemicals.
"We will not save everything we want, but we will save more than if we had not tried." - Mr. Peter Scott
In 1996, the organization obtained general consultative status from UNESCO.
Panda Symbol
The giant panda logo of WWF came from a panda named Chii Chii that had been moved from Beijing Zoo to London Zoo in 1958, three years before WWF was founded. Being famous as the only panda in the Western world at the time, its unique physical and statusal characteristics identified as endangered species is seen as ideal to serve the organization's need for a strongly recognizable symbol that will overcome all the language barriers. Organizations also need animals that will have an impact on black and white printing. The logo was later designed by Sir Peter Scott from an early sketch by Gerald Watterson, a Scottish naturalist. The logo was slightly simplified and made more geometric in 1978, and revised significantly again in 1986, by which time the organization changed its name, with a new version featuring a solid black shape for the eyes. In 2000 the changes were made on the font used for the initial "WWF" in the logo.
21st century
WWF's strategy for achieving its mission specifically concentrates on the recovery of populations of 36 species (species or groups of species important to their ecosystems or people, including elephants, tuna, whales, dolphins and dolphins), and ecological footprint in 6 region (carbon emissions, agricultural land, pasture land, fisheries, forestry and water).
It also works on a number of global issues that promote the loss of biodiversity and unsustainable use of natural resources, including finance, business practice, law and consumption options. Local offices also work on national or regional issues.
WWF works with a large number of different groups to achieve its goals, including other NGOs, governments, businesses, investment banks, scientists, fishermen, farmers, and local communities. It also conducts public campaigns to influence decision makers, and seeks to educate the public on how to live in a more environmentally friendly way. It encourages people to donate funds to protect the environment. Donors may also choose to receive gifts in return.
Publications
WWF publishes the Living Planet Index in collaboration with the Zoological Society of London. Along with ecological footprint calculations, Index is used to generate a bi-yearly Planet Life Report <-i that provides an overview of the impact of human activity in the world.
The organization also regularly publishes reports, fact sheets and other documents on issues related to its work, to raise awareness and provide information to policymakers and decisions.
Policy creation
The WWF policy is made by elected councilors for a term of three years. The Executive Team guides and develops the WWF strategy. There is also a National Council which stands as a group of advisors to the board and a team of scientists and conservation experts who are researching for WWF.
National and international laws play an important role in determining how habitats and resources are managed and used. Laws and regulations are one of the organization's global priorities.
WWF has opposed oil extraction from Canadian tar sands and has campaigned on this issue. Between 2008 and 2010, WWF worked with The Co-operative Group, the largest consumer cooperative in the UK to publish a report concluding that: (1) exploiting Canadian tar sands with their full potential would be enough to realize what they describe as' climate change uncontrolled; (2) carbon capture and storage technology (CCS) can not be used to reduce the release of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere to a level comparable to other oil extraction methods; (3) $ 379 billion that is expected to be spent on extracting oil from tar sands can be better used for research and development of renewable energy technologies; and (4) expansion of tar sand extraction poses a serious threat to caribou in Alberta.
The organization assures and helps governments and other political bodies to adopt, enforce, strengthen and/or change policies, guidelines and laws affecting biodiversity and natural resource use. It also ensures governmental approval and/or maintains their commitment to international instruments relating to the protection of biodiversity and natural resources.
In 2012, David Nussbaum, chief executive of WWF-UK, spoke against the way shale gas is used in the UK, saying: "... The government should reaffirm its commitment to tackling climate change and prioritizing renewable energy and energy efficiency."
Controversy
Company partnership
WWF has been accused by the Corporate Watch Campaigner for being too close to the business to campaign objectively. WWF claims partnering with companies like Coca-Cola, Lafarge, Carlos Slim, and IKEA will reduce its effects on the environment. WWF received EUR56 million (US $ 80 million) from the company in 2010 (an 8% increase in support from the company compared to 2009), accounting for 11% of total revenue for the year.
Project "Lock"
In 1988, Prince Bernhard, the first former WWF President, sold GBP 700,000 paintings to raise funds for the World Wildlife Fund. The money is deposited in a Swiss bank account of WWF. In 1989, Charles de Haes, then General Director of WWF, transferred a 500,000 GBP back to Bernhard for what he (de Haes) referred to as a "personal project". It was then revealed, in 1991, that Prince Bernhard had used the money to hire KAS International, owned by SAS founder David Stirling, for an operation called the "Locks" Project where mercenaries (mostly British) fought with hunters in reserves natural.
Report on the Mekong River dolphins
In June 2009, Touch Seang Tana, chairman of the Commission for Conservation and Development of Cambodia in the Mekong River Basin, the Dolphins Ecotourism Zone, argues that WWF has misinterpreted the dangers of extinction of the Mekong dolphins to increase fundraising. The report states that deaths are caused by bacterial diseases that are fatal because environmental contaminants suppress the immune system of dolphins. He called the report "unscientific and dangerous" to the Cambodian government and threatened Cambodia's Cambodian branch with suspension unless they met with him to discuss his claim. Touch Seang Tana later said that he would not press charges to provide false information and would not seek to prevent WWF from continuing its work in Cambodia, but advised WWF to adequately explain its findings and check with the commission before issuing another report. After this, in January 2012, Touch Seang Tana signed the "Kratie Declaration on Mekong River Irrawaddy Dolphin Conservation" along with WWF and the Cambodian Fisheries Administration, an agreement that binds the parties to work together on a "road map" that addresses the conservation of dolphins. on the Mekong River.
Pandaleaks
In 2012, German investigative journalist Wilfried Huissmann published a book entitled "The Silence of the Pandas". It became a bestseller in Germany, but it was banned from England until 2014, when it was released under the title "Pandaleaks", after a series of orders and court orders. The book criticizes WWF for its involvement with companies responsible for large-scale environmental destruction, such as Coca-Cola, and provides details on the existence of a 1001 Club secret, whose members, Huismann claims, continue to have an unhealthy influence on WWF's policy making. However, WWF has sought to deny the allegations against it.
ARD documentary
German public television ARD broadcasts a documentary on June 22, 2011 which is claimed to show how WWF is working with companies like Monsanto, certifying sustainability in exchange for donations Ã, - basically greenwashing. WWF denies the allegations. By encouraging a large impact ecotourism, the program states that WWF contributes to the destruction of habitats and species it claims to protect. WWF-India is not active in tiger reserves given for example, but is active elsewhere seeking to limit the adverse tourism effects and better distribution of tourism benefits to local communities. The program also accused WWF of certifying oil palm plantations operated by Wilmar International, a Singapore company, on the Indonesian island of Borneo, although the plantation establishment caused the destruction of more than 14,000 hectares of rainforest. Only 80 hectares are finally preserved, ARD documentary claims. According to the program, two orangutans live in conserved land, but have very little survival opportunities because there are no fruit trees left and the habitats are too small to support them. To survive, they steal palm oil from neighboring plantations, thus risking being shot by plantation workers. WWF notes that the filmed plantation is PT Rimba Harapan Sakti, which has not been certified as a sustainable producer by the Round Table on Sustainable Palm Oil. Aerial photos show that about 4000 hectares, or about a third of forest cover, have been preserved.
Hunting
WWF's Honorary President in Spain used to be King Juan Carlos I, who has been known as a hunting enthusiast. In 1962, when he was 24, he was invited by Baron Werner von Alvensleben of Germany to hunt in Mozambique. Since then, the king has taken part in hunting hunting in Africa and Eastern Europe. In October 2004, he became a member of a hunt in Romania that killed a wolf and nine brown bears, including a pregnant one, according to Romanian newspaper, Romanian Libera. He was also accused by a Russian official who killed a bear named Mitrofan, purportedly after delivering vodka to the animal, in an episode that sparked controversy in Spain, although the claim was never proven. In the same year, according to The Guardian , the Polish government allowed him to kill a European bison in Bia? Owie? A Forest, although it is an endangered species. Further controversy surfaced in April 2012 when the king's participation in elephant hunting in Botswana was discovered only after he returned to Spain on an emergency flight after tripping his steps and broken his hips. Many Spanish environmental groups and leftist parties criticize the king's favor, and WWF stripped it of honor in July 2012, in an extraordinary meeting with 94% of the vote.
Prince Charles, head of WWF UK, has stated that he likes to hunt. He is believed, however, to obey the traditional British hunt and speak out against hunting endangered species.
President
1001: Nature Trust
In the early 1970s, Prince Bernhard, Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh and several colleagues arranged The 1001: A Nature Trust to handle WWF administration and fundraising. 1001 members each donated $ 10,000 to the trust.
Dispute initialism
In 2000, the World Wide Fund for Nature sued the World Wrestling Federation (now called WWE) for unfair trade practices. Both parties have shared the initials "WWF" since 1979. Conservation organizations claim that professional wrestling companies have violated the 1994 agreement on international use of WWF's initials.
On August 10, 2001, a British court ruled in favor of the World Wide Fund for Nature. The World Wrestling Federation filed an appeal in October 2001. However, on May 10, 2002, the World Wrestling Federation changed its Web address from WWF.com to WWE.com , and replaced each reference "WWF" on an existing site with "WWE", as a start to change the company's name to "World Wrestling Entertainment." The stock ticker also switched from WWF to WWE.
The wrestling organization's neglect of "WWF" initialism does not end the legal conflicts of both organizations. Then in 2002, the World Wide Fund for Nature petitioned the court with a loss of $ 360 million, but to no avail. Subsequent requests to be canceled by the World Wide Fund for Nature were dismissed by the UK Court of Appeal on June 28, 2007. In 2003, World Wrestling Entertainment won a limited decision allowing them to continue to market pre-existing products with the ones left behind. WWF Logo. However, WWE is mandated to issue new branded merchandise such as clothing, action shots, video games and DVDs with the initials "WWE". In addition, court orders require companies to remove their hearing and visual references to "WWF" in a video recording library outside the UK.
Beginning with the 1000 Raw episode Raw in July 2012, the WWF "scratch" logo is no longer censored in the archive recording. In addition, WWF initials are no longer censored when spoken or when written in plain text in archive archives. Instead, WWE is no longer allowed to use WWF initials or logos in any original, original, packaging, or advertising recording, with the old-school logo for retro-themed programming now using modifications from the original WWF logo without F.
In music
No One's Gonna Change Our World is a charity album released in 1969, for the benefit of WWF.
Peter Rose and Anne Conlon are music theater writers, famous for their environmental musicality for children, commissioned by WWF-UK to write some environmental musicals as part of an educational plan. Some people narrated by David Attenborough, and broadcast on television in various countries.
British pop group S Club 7 was an ambassador for WWF-UK during their time together as a band (1999-2003). Each member sponsored an endangered animal, and in 2000, traveled to locations throughout the animal world they selected for a seven-part BBC documentary series entitled S Club 7 Go Wild .
Environment Voice: A Choosing Earth Inspired Song Anthem is a rewards album released in 2006, for WWF-Philippines, featuring artists including Up Dharma Down, Radioactive Projects Sago, Kala, Alexander Cynthia, and Joey Ayala.
In June 2012, WWF launched an online music download store with fairsharemusic from which 50% of the profits go to the charity.
In April 2015, Hailey Gardiner released his solo EP, entitled The Woods. In honor of Earth Day, 15% of EP proceeds will be donated to WWF.
Known programs and campaigns
- Swap Debt for Nature
- Earth Clock
- Grow Healthy
- Marine Stewardship Council
Global Initiative
Since 2008, through the Global Program Framework (GPF), WWF has said that they are concentrating on 13 global initiatives:
- Amazon
- the Arctic
- China for Global Shift
- Climate and Energy
- East African Coastal
- Coral Triangle
- Forests and Climate
- African Green Heart
- Heart of Borneo
- Himalayan life
- Market Transformation
- Intelligent Fishing
- The tiger
WWF International is currently represented in the SuReÃ,® Stakeholder Council. SuReÃ,® - Standards for Sustained and Resilient Infrastructure is a global voluntary standard that integrates the ultimate criteria of sustainability and resilience into infrastructure development and improvement. SuReÃ,® is developed by the Global Infrastructure Basel Foundation (GIB) and Natixis as part of a multi-stakeholder process and will be in line with ISEAL guidelines.
See also
- Center for Plant Diversity
- Conservation movement
- Environmental movement
- Eugene Green Energy Standard, founded by WWF.
- Global 200, ecoregions identified by WWF as a priority for conservation.
- The natural environment
- Sustainability
- Sustainable development
- TRAFFIC, a wildlife trade monitoring network, a joint program of WWF and the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN).
- The World Conservation Award, created in conjunction with WWF.
- West Coast Environmental Law
- Environmental Dispute Resolution Fund
- List of environmental organizations
References
External links
- World Wildlife Fund, WWF-US Site. The
- WWF channel on YouTube.
- WWF's global network
- WWF Scotland
- WWF Armenia
- WWF-Pakistan
- WWF-India
- WWF Guianas
- WWF Russia
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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