Wakatobi District is an island and a district located in Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia. The district capital is located in Wangi-Wangi, established under the Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 29 Year 2003 dated December 18, 2003. It has an area of ​​823 square kilometers and in 2011 has a population of 94,846 inhabitants.
Wakatobi is also the name of a national park established in 1996, with a total area of ​​1.39 million hectares consisting of marine biodiversity hotspots known as Wallacea and coral reefs, whose conditions and scales occupy one of the highest priorities of marine conservation in Indonesia. The Wakatobi Islands are part of the Coral Triangle, which contains one of the richest marine biodiversity on earth.
Video Wakatobi Regency
Area History
Before becoming an autonomous region, Wakatobi regency was known as the Ironman Archipelago. The name Wakatobi is an acronym of the names of the four main islands that make up the archipelago: Wangi-Wangi Island, Ka ledupa, To mia, and Bi nongko.
Pre-Independence Period
In the pre-independence period, Wakatobi was under the rule of the Buton Sultanate.
Post-Independence Period
After Indonesia became independent, and Southeast Sulawesi was established as a province, the Wakatobi region comprised only a few districts in the Buton Regency region.
Reform Period
On December 18, 2003, Wakatobi was officially designated as one of the enlarged districts of Southeast Sulawesi established under the Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 29 Year 2003 on the Establishment of Bombana District, Wakatobi Regency and North Kolaka District. When first established, Wakatobi only consists of five districts of Wangi-Wangi District, South Wangi Regency, Kaledupa Regency, Tomia Regency and Binongko Regency. In 2005, based on Wakatobi District Regulation No. 19 of 2005, South Kaledupa Regency was established, and, based on Wakatobi District Regulation No. 20 of 2005, East Tomia District was established. In 2007, based on Wakatobi District Regulation No. 41 of 2007, Togo Binongko District was established and this caused the number of districts in Wakatobi Regency to be 8 districts, divided into 100 districts and villages. (25 sub-districts and 75 villages).
Government at Beginning Establishment
The Wakatobi Regency Government as an autonomous region was officially marked by the inauguration of Syarifudin Safaa, SH, MM, as acting Wakatobi Regent from 19 January 2004 to 19 January 2006. Then followed by H. LM. Mahufi Madra, SH, MH, as a substitute from 19 January 2006 to 28 June 2006.
Government generated by Regional Head Election
On the basis of the results of direct election of regional heads; on 28 June 2006, the Regent and Vice Regent of Wakatobi was elected - Ir. Hugua and Ediarto Rusmin, BAE - inaugurated by the Governor of Southeast Sulawesi Ali Mazi, SH on behalf of the Minister of Home Affairs and based on the Minister of Home Affairs Ministerial Decree No. 132.74-314 dated June 13, 2006 on Appointment Confirmation Ir. Hugua as Wakatobi Regent and based on Minister of Home Affairs Decree No. 132.74-315 dated June 13, 2006 on Confirmation of Appointment of Ediarto Rusmin BAE as Vice Regent of Wakatobi for the period of 2006-2011. Wakatobi district leadership is currently assumed by tandem Ir. Hugua as the Regent and H. Arhawi, SE as Vice Regent, since inaugurated by the Governor of Southeast Sulawesi, H. Nur Alam, SE, on 28 June 2011 on behalf of the Minister of Home Affairs and based on Ministerial Decree from 132,74-403 dated May 30 2011 on Appointment Confirmation Ir. Hugua as Wakatobi Regent and H. Arhawi, SE as Vice Regent of Wakatobi for the term of 2011-2016.
Maps Wakatobi Regency
Area Condition
Location . Wakatobi District is an archipelago located in southeast Sulawesi. Geographically, the Regency lies to the south of the Equator, extending latitudally from 5Ã,º12Ã,Â' to 6Ã,º25Ã,Â'the southern latitudes (over Ã,  ± 160 kilometers) and across the longitudinally from 123Ã,Â20Ã,Â' onto 124 º39Ã,Â'East East (over Ã,  ± 120 kilometers).
Area . The land area of ​​this regency reaches  ± 823 square kilometers. The water area is estimated at 17,554 square kilometers.
Limit .
Climate . Wakatobi has two seasons, wet and dry seasons, just like any other region in Indonesia. Generally, the land in Wakatobi is between 3 to 350 meters above sea level and is located below the Equator. Therefore it has a tropical climate.
Regional Demography
Total Population . The population of Wakatobi Regency, based on the Population Census in 2010, amounted to 92,995 people, consisting of 44,640 men and 48,355 female residents. In 2011, the population grew to 95,712 inhabitants. The most populous region is the Wangi-Wangi Selatan District with 25,260 inhabitants. The least populated is Togo Binongko District with 4,842 inhabitants.
Population distribution . The population is concentrated in Wangi-Wangi Selatan Regency with 25,260 inhabitants; Wangi-Wangi District, 24,087; Kaledupa Regency, 10,272; East Tomia Regency, 8,688; and in Binongko District, 8,621. The average population density of Wakatobi Regency in 2011 was 116.30 people per square kilometer. Meanwhile, densely populated districts are Kaledupa with 225.76 inhabitants per square kilometer, Tomia with 150.76 inhabitants/km², and East Tomia with 127.95 inhabitants/km².
Age, gender, and ethnicity . The population structure in 2011 showed that 59.05 percent or 56,010 of the population were in the productive age group between 15 and 64 years. The total population of Wakatobi in 2011, by sex, was 45,944 men and 49,768 female residents. There are eight ethnic inhabitants of Wakatobi Regency. Based on the 2000 data, of the population 87,793, the largest ethnic group is Wakatobi with 91.33 percent, Bajau with 7.92 percent, and other ethnicities of less than 1 percent.
Jobs . The working age population comprised of 70,343 people, of which 23,981 were male or 34.09 percent and 36,362 were women or 65.91 percent. There are 40,395 workforce of 37,678 employed or 93.27 percent or 53.56 percent of the population of the working age population and 6.73 percent of the open unemployed. There are 29,408 non-working people or 41.81 percent of working age consisting of 15,740 students or 53.52 percent, and 13,668 people taking care of their households and other activities or 46.48 percent. Seen from the job domain that absorbs the largest labor force, the first farm comes with 43,609 people or 61.99 percent of the workforce, followed by trade with 15,635 people or 17.02 percent, and then services, industries and transport domains.
Regional Economic Potential
Agriculture, plantation, and forestry
From the cultivation of five crops, cassava produced the highest yield of 40,199 tons in 2003. Followed by corn with 1715 tons, sweet potatoes with 58 tons, rice and peanuts with 8 tons and 4 tons respectively. In 2003, the fruits that produced the highest yield were mangoes with 9,229 quintals, bananas with 5,788 quintals, and oranges with 4,134 quintals. The most widely produced vegetables are long beans with 229 quintals, eggplant with 210 quintals, kale with 205 quintal, and onion with 160 quintals. In 2003, the highest production of community plantations was 225 tons of coconut, 59 tons of cashew, 8 tons of hybrid coconut, 6 tons of cocoa, 3 tons of coffee, and 0.35 tons of nutmeg. The type of forestry in 2003 consisted only of 11,300 hectares of protected forest.
Livestock and fishery
Large livestock population in 2003 consisted of 308 cattle. Compared with the population in 2002, the number of cows increased by 60.42 percent, from 192 cows in 2002 to 308 in 2003. The small livestock population in 2003 consisted of only 9,789 goats. Compared with the population in 2002, the number of goats decreased 5.43 percent, from 10,351 goats in 2002 to 9,789 goats in 2003. Fisheries production in 2003 totaled 17,985.60 tons consisting of 17,453.60 tons of marine fisheries and 532 tons marine aquaculture products in the form of seaweed.
Industry and energy
Until 2003, there has not been a large or medium-sized industry, there are only small industries and home industries. Small industries amounted to 107 units with 514 workers, and the home industry numbered 1,290 units with 1,863 workers. In 2003, the number of consumers of State Electricity reached 9,652 clients with an installed capacity of 6,047,905 VA. Meanwhile, electricity production amounted to 6,278,762 kWh with electricity capacity of 5,367,403 kWh and sales value reached Rp 2,791,737,755 thousand. [Reference needs]
Trade
In 2003, the volume of traded commodities reached 233,650.13 tons with a value of Rp 28,639,873 thousand. Forestry products recorded the highest sales of 231,529.68 tons with a value of Rp 13,761,355 thousand. Agricultural commodities consisting of food crops recorded the second highest transaction, reaching 1,355.29 tons with a value of Rp 3,756,470 thousand. Meanwhile, the least traded commodity products came from plantations amounting to 9.59 tons with a value of Rp 1,902,403 thousand, and followed by cattle farms which only reached 3.95 tons with a value of Rp 5,928 thousand.
Regional Tourism Potential
In 2013, tourists who come to Wakatobi Regency is 11,650 people.
Wakatobi National Park . Wakatobi National Park is one of 50 National Parks in Indonesia, located in Wakatobi District, Southeast Sulawesi. It officially became National Park in 1996 and has a total area of ​​1.39 million hectares. It has marine biodiversity with the scale and conditions that place it as one of the highest priorities in marine conservation in Indonesia. The depth of the waters in this national park varies, with the deepest reaching 1,044 meters below sea level. Wakatobi National Park features:
- Coral Reefs;
- Fish;
- Other animals;
- Specific; and
- Hoga Island.
Wakatobi Biosphere Reserve . Wakatobi has been designated in the World Network of Biosphere Reserves by Human and Biosphere Programs of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) on July 11, 2012. The species and landscape of the world's major ecosystems represented in this Network are devoted to conserving biodiversity, promoting research and monitoring, as well as seeking to provide a model of sustainable development in the service of mankind.
Historical Tour
Wangi-Wangi Island
Tindoi Fortress
Tindoi Fort is one of the cultural destinations located in Wangi-Wangi District. Located about 5 kilometers from the city center and can be reached by motorbike or car in about 15 minutes drive.
Fort Liya and the Liya Keraton Liya
Liya Fort is located in Liya Togo Village, Wangi-Wangi Selatan District. The fort is comprised of four layers of walls with 12 Lawa (doors), which serve as an exit for royalty of the kingdom to interact with the surrounding commoners. Inside the fortress complex stands the Keraton Liya Mosque, located 8 kilometers from the district capital and can be reached by motorcycle or car.
Mandiri Tonga Fort
Tonga Mandati Fort is located in Mandati Village, Wangi-Wangi Selatan District. This fort has a rectangular shape with an area of ​​about 1 hectare. The highest fortress wall stands about 7 meters and is located in the west and south.
Togo Molengo Fort
Togo Molengo Fort is perched high on the summit of Mount Kapota Island. Can be reached by a traditional 20-minute boat ride from Wangi-Wangi, and then with a 10-minute motorbike ride.
Lighthouse
The lighthouse was built during the Dutch colonial period, in 1901. The destination is located in Waha Village, Wangi-Wangi District, about 8 kilometers from the district capital, and can be reached within 15 minutes by motorcycle.
Kaledupa Island
Kamali Old Cemetery
The Old Cemetery and Kamali are located in Pale'a Village, South Kaledupa Subdistrict.
Fortress of Ollo and Old Mosque
Ollo Fortress and the Old Mosque are two historical sites that are the cultural heritage of the Kaledupa Island community, which is still preserved and preserved by the local community. Inside the site of Ollo Fort stands an Old Mosque measuring 6.5 by 7 meters.
Fortress Donda
Fort La Donda is one of the historic sites that is the cultural heritage of Kaledupa Island community.
Tomia Island
Patua Castle
The Patua Fort is a historic site of Tomia community culture.
Suo-Su Fort
Suo-Suo Fortress is located in Kahianga Village, East Tomia District. Located 3 kilometers from the district capital and can be reached by motorcycle ride from the capital district.
Onemay Masjid Tua
The Onemay Old Mosque is located in Onemay District, Tomia District.
Binongko Island
Fort Fort
Palahidu Castle is one of the historical heritages of Binongko community located in Palahidu Village, Binongko District. The Fort nestles on the cliffs of the northern coast of Binongko Island.
Fortress Guardian
Wali Castle is one of the historic sites that is the legacy of the Togo Binongko community.
Cultural Destination
Kaledupa Island
Kaledupa Island exudes a cultural charm that is still preserved and preserved by the local community. Here are the cultural tourism destinations in Kaledupa Island.
Kaledupa Traditional Dance
- Lariangi Dance
Lariangi dance is a traditional dance from Kaledupa Regency which was first choreographed in 1634 during the reign of the first Buton King, Wa Kaka.
- Dance of Hebalia
Dance of Hebalia is a traditional dance from Kaledupa Regency composed by local shamans in ancient times.
- Sombo Bungkale Dance
Sombo Bungkale Dance is a traditional dance from South Kaledupa Regency, performed by twelve beautiful female dancers.
Excitement and Tradition Tradition
- Customary Customs Karia'a
The traditional party of Caria is a typical Kaledupa tradition to mark the coming of boys through circumcision. In this celebration, boys are paraded in the village on a stretcher brought together by 15 to 20 people.
- Traditional Tradition of Pencak Silat
Pencak silat tradition is an adat tradition performed by Kaledupa people.
Tomia Island
- Safara Customart Festivity
The indigenous party of Safara is a traditional feast of Tomia society performed in every month of Safar (Islamic lunar month).
- Bose-Bose Tradition
Bose-Bose is a tradition done by decorating boats with colorful ornaments and loading them with traditional culinary dishes, such as Liwo, and then flaunting them along the coast from Patipelong Quay to Quay Usay and up to the Strait of Mobaa, while people hit drum. This traditional party is done with the aim of cleansing all the sins of the people by taking them away with the waves of sea water.
- Sajo Moane Dance
Sajo Moane dance is a sacred dance performed by male dancers.
- Saride Dance
Saride dance is a traditional dance that symbolizes unity and togetherness in completing activities that are destined for the public interest.
Binongko Island
- Balanced Bundle
Balumpa dance is one of the traditional dances originating from Binongko Island.
Local Infrastructure Facility
Education
The number of kindergartens in 2003 amounted to 22 units distributed in five districts with 47 teachers and 989 students. In 2003, the teacher-school ratio averaged 2; the student-school ratios averaged 45, and the student-teacher ratio averaged 21. For primary education, 2003 recorded 101 schools, 684 teachers, and 14,742 students. In 2003, the teacher-school ratio averaged 7; the student-school ratios averaged 145, and the student-teacher ratio averaged 22.
For junior high school education, 2003 recorded 16 schools, 235 teachers, and 4,287 students. In 2003, the teacher-school ratio averaged 15; the student-school ratio averaged 268, and the student-teacher ratio averaged 18. For senior high school education, 2003 recorded 4 schools, 93 teachers and 2,212 students. In 2003, the teacher-school ratio averaged 23; the student-school ratio averaged 553, and the student-teacher ratio averaged 24.
Health
Until 2003, Wakatobi District has not yet established a public hospital. However, there are 7 Puskesmas (Community Health Centers), 12 Puskesmas Pembantu, 5 doctors, 2 graduates of Public Health, 85 paramedics, and 9 paramedics.
Religion
In 2003, Wakatobi District has 112 Mosques and 22 Mushollah. However, there is no Church, Hindu temple, or Buddhist temple. This shows that the Wakatobi people embraced Islam.
Government
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Wakatobi Regency is currently led by Regent Ir. Hugua and Vice Regent H. Arhawi, S.E.
Gross Regional Domestic Product (PDRB) per Capita 2003
Gross Regional Domestic Product (PDRB) of Wakatobi Regency is measured based on the prevailing price in 2003 of Rp 179,774.04, - million, slightly higher than the GRD recorded in the previous year, amounting to Rp 160,473.67 million. Based on current prices, PDRB per capita of Wakatobi Regency in 2002 was Rp 1,833,775.23 GRDP and increased to Rp 2,026,993.35 in 2003, or increased by 10.54 percent.
Administration Division
Villages - District
There are 61 villages and sub-districts (similar to the village government but located in the city/city) in Wakatobi District, which consist of 45 villages and 16 subdistricts. From 61 villages in 2003, 10 villages have reached self-sufficiency (15.63 percent), 16 self-employed villages (25.00 percent), and 38 self-help villages (59.38 percent).
Wakatobi District Council in 2004
The regional elections for seats in the Wakatobi District House of Representatives in 2004 resulted in the following seats based on electoral and electoral parties: Golkar (Functional Groups) received the most seats, four seats; followed by the United Nations (Crescent Star Party), PPP (Partai Persatuan Pembangunan), PAN (Partai Amanat Nasional), PNBK (Partai Nasional Merdeka), PBR (Partai Bintang Reformasi) and PDIP (Partai Demokrasi Indonesia Perjuangan) Partai Merdeka (Freedom), PKB (National Awakening Party), Pancasila Patriot Party and PD (Democratic Party) each have seats in 20 parliamentary seats.
Members of the Wakatobi District People's Legislative Assembly for 2009-2014
- Muhamad Ali, SP, M.Si (PDIP, Partai Demokrasi Indonesia Perjuangan)
- H. La India, S.Sos (PAN, National Mandate Party)
- H. Sairuddin La Aba (PNBKI, Indonesian Society of the Banteng National Party)
- Daryono Moane, S.Sos (PDIP, Partai Demokrasi Indonesia Perjuangan)
- Laode Mas'udin (PDIP, Partai Demokrasi Indonesia Perjuangan)
- Supardi (PDIP, Partai Demokrasi Indonesia Perjuangan)
- H. La Ode Arifudin, S.Sos (PDIP, Partai Demokrasi Indonesia Perjuangan)
- Haliadi Habirun (PAN, National Mandate Party)
- H. Sunaidi (PAN, National Mandate Party)
- Hasnun, S.Sos (PNBKI, Indonesian Community of Banteng National Party)
- Muhammad Shawwal, S.T. (PNBKI, Indonesian Community of Banteng National Party)
- Drs. H. Syafruddin (Golkar, Functional Group Party)
- Dra.H. Safia Wualo (Golkar, Functional Group Party)
- Sutomo Hadi, S.Sos (PBR, Reform Star Party)
- Zakaria, SH., M.H. (PBR, Reform Star Party)
- La Moane Sabara, S.Sos. (PD, Democrat Party)
- Subarudin Bau, S.Pd., M.Si. (PD, Democrat Party)
- Musdin, S.Pd., M.M. (PPD, Regional Unity Party)
- Andi Hasan, S.Pd (PPD, Regional Unity Party)
- Hj. Ernawati Rasyid (PPDI, Indonesian Democratic Guard Party)
- Haerudin Konde, S.T. (PKS, Prosperous Justice Party)
- H. Munsir (PKB, National Awakening Party)
- La Ke (Party of Barnas)
- Hairudin Buton, S.Sos. (PPNUI, Partai Nahdatul Ummah Indonesia Bersatu)
- H. Sukiman (Hanura, People's Conscience Party)
Flight Hub
The main aviation hub of the Wakatobi islands is Matahora Airport on Wangi-Wangi Island. Wings Air is currently the only airline flying to Matahora Airport. Flying is the fastest way to visit Wakatobi, or 12 hours with some boats from Kendari to Bau-Bau and then to Wakatobi. From Wangi-wangi Island to Kaledupa Island takes 2 hours by boat. and to Tomia 4 hours by boat. Maranggo Airport is a separate private base on Tomia Island that is used exclusively to transport visitors from the Wakatobi Dive Resort.
Activity
Sail Wakatobi-Belitong will be held in Wakatobi in July 2011 and in Belitung in August 2011. Wakatobi will make a mass wedding event under the sea. As part of the Sail Wakatobi-Belitong, the organizing committee also launched an international underwater photo contest with the theme: "The Beauty of the World Under the Coral Reefs of Triangle" and will be initialized after Sail Wakatobi-Belitong was launched on July 16, 2011. To support Sail Wakatobi-Belitong, The Ministry of Transportation has provided Rp.70 billion ($ 8.1 million) to increase the Wangi-Wangi port, Kaledupa port and Tomea Island harbor which will be completed before the event.
Wakatobi is also home to Operation Wallacea, a UK-based nonprofit conservation group that sees on the ongoing development of fisheries and coral reef research.
In popular culture
A collaborative work on WWF-Indonesia film, Wakatobi administration and SET Film Workshop, The Mirror Never Lies , has depicted marine biodiversity with underwater scenery around the Wakatobi Islands and the life of the Bajo tribe, fully dependent sea nomads on marine resources to survive. The Mirror Never Lies gets a Distinguished Name in the Global Film Initiative.
References
External links
- Seagrass Research in Wakatobi District
- ( Indonesian ) Website of Wakatobi Regency
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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