Vitreous bleeding is extravasation, or leakage, of blood into areas in and around the vitreous eye humor. Vitreous humor is a clear gel that fills the space between the lens and the retina of the eye. Various conditions can cause blood to leak into vitreous humor, which can cause vision problems, floaters, and photopsia.
Video Vitreous hemorrhage
Cause
There are many factors known to cause vitreous bleeding.
Diabetic retinopathy
The most common cause found in adults is diabetic retinopathy. Abnormal blood vessels can form behind the eyes of a person with diabetes. These new blood vessels are weaker and more susceptible to rupture and cause bleeding. Diabetic retinopathy for 31.5-54% of all cases of vitreous bleeding in adults in the United States.
Trauma
Some injuries can cause blood vessels in the back of the eye to bleed. Trauma is the leading cause of vitreous hemorrhage in young people, and accounts for 12-18.8% of cases in adults.
Retinal tear or detachment
Tears in the retina may allow fluid from leaking eyes behind the retina, leading to the release of the retina. When this happens, the blood from the retinal blood vessels can secrete blood into the vitreous. Retinal tears account for 11.4-44% of hemorrhagic cases of vitreous.
Posterior vitreous detection
As a person grows older, fluid bags can develop in vitreous. As the pouch develops near the back of the eye, the vitreous can pull away from the retina and may tear it apart. Posterior reports of vitreous detachment for 3.7-11.7% of vitreous hemorrhagic cases.
Other causes
Less common causes of vitreous bleeding make up 6.4-18% of cases, and include:
- Proliferative sickle cell retinopathy
- Macroaneurysm
- Age-related macular degeneration
- Terson's Syndrome
- Retinal neovascularization as a result of central or central retinal vein occlusion
- Other - about 7 cases in 100,000 unknown cause.
Maps Vitreous hemorrhage
Symptoms and diagnosis
Common symptoms of vitreous bleeding include:
- Vision is blurry
- Floaters - a vague look like a spider web that floats through a vision field
- Redness to vision color
- Photopsia - a brief flash of light in the side view
Small vitreous hemorrhages often manifest as "floaters". Moderate cases will often produce dark lines of vision, while solid vitreous bleeding can significantly inhibit vision.
Vitreous hemorrhage is diagnosed by identifying symptoms, checking the eyes, and performing tests to identify the cause. Some common tests include:
- Eye examination under a microscope
- Penis enlargement and examination
- Ultrasound examination can be used if the doctor does not have a clear view of the back of the eye
- Blood tests to check for specific causes such as diabetes
- CT scan to check for injuries around eyes
- References to retinal specialists
Treatment
The method of treatment used depends on the cause of the bleeding. In most cases, patients are advised to rest with elevated heads 30-45Ã, Â °, and occasionally put patches over the eyes to limit movement prior to treatment to allow blood to settle. Patients are also advised to avoid the use of drugs that cause blood thinning (such as aspirin or similar drugs).
The purpose of this treatment is to correct the cause of bleeding as soon as possible. Retinal tears are covered by laser or cryotherapy treatments, and the retina is disconnected with surgery.
Even after treatment, it takes several months for the body to clear all the blood from the vitreous. In cases of vitreous hemorrhage due to retinal detachment, durable vitreous bleeding with duration of more than 2-3 months, or cases associated with iridis rubeosis or glaucoma, vitrectomy may be necessary to elevate blood standing in the vitreous.
References
Source of the article : Wikipedia
0 Comments