Indonesia national costume is national costume representing Republic of Indonesia. It comes from Indonesian culture and traditional Indonesian textile tradition. Today Indonesia's most widely known national costumes include batik and kebaya, although initially the costumes are mainly included in Javanese and Balinese cultures, which are most prominent in Javanese, Sundanese and Balinese cultures. Since Java has become the center of Indonesian politics and population, the people's costumes of the island have become national status.
As a multi-compound country, Indonesia has more than 30 provinces, each with its own representation of traditional clothing and apparel from each province with unique and distinctive designs.
National costumes are worn during formal events as well as traditional ceremonies. The most obvious display of Indonesian national costumes can be seen by the type of costume worn by the Indonesian President and the first woman of Indonesia in various types of occasions and arrangements, and also used by Indonesian diplomatic officials during gala dinners. Traditional weddings and formal ceremonies in Indonesia are also one of the important occasions in a country where Indonesian national costume clothing really looks from traditional to modern clothing different from each region it represents.
Video National costume of Indonesia
National costume
Batik
Batik is a fabric traditionally made using manual wax dyeing techniques to form intricate patterns. Traditionally batik cloth is a large piece of intricate decorated fabrics used by Javanese women as kemben or torso. The batik cloth wraps around the hips with a few folds in front of the so-called wiron , while the upper body wears the kebaya suits. Traditionally for men, the tip of batik cloth can also be sewn together to make the tubular fabric as a sheath, or wrapped around the hip as fabric in a fashion similar to that of a woman. Then for men, batik cloth is also sewn and made into men's batik shirt contemporary.
Batik is recognized as one of Indonesia's important cultural identity. UNESCO designed Indonesian batik as a Work of Oral and Intangible Cultural Heritage on October 2, 2009. As part of the recognition, UNESCO insisted that Indonesia preserve their heritage.
Clothes Batik , commonly used by men in Indonesia (especially in Java), usually worn during formal occasions; such as attending weddings, traditional ceremonies, formal meetings, communal meetings, etc. Sometimes men wearing batik shirts usually wear hat hat or hat caps to make it more formal in the traditional way. Batik has two types of pieces: long sleeves for formal events, and short sleeves for casual to semi-formal events. Dress Batik or blouse is also available for women. Batik differs from one region to another, especially on the island of Java and other islands, and has their own unique pattern or pattern for each local tradition and culture.
Kebaya
The kebaya is a women's national costume from Indonesia, though more accurately endemic to the Javanese, Sundanese and Balinese. Sometimes made of thin fabrics such as silk, thin cotton or semi-transparent nylon or polyester, embellished with brocade or embroidered floral patterns. Kebaya is usually worn with sarong or batik long cloth , or other traditional woven garments such as bunch , songket with colorful motifs.
The early form of kebaya originated from the palace of the Majapahit Kingdom of Java as a means of combining existing women
Kebaya is usually used during the official national event by the first lady of Indonesia, wife of Indonesian diplomat, and woman of Indonesia. It is also worn by Indonesian women attending traditional ceremonies and weddings. On the day of Kartini on 21 April Indonesian women usually wear kebaya to celebrate and honor women heroes of Indonesian women's emancipation. During Balinese traditional ceremonies, Balinese women wear a colorful Balinese style kebaya with songket Bali.
Peci
The Peci , also known as songkok or cap , is a hat worn by Muslim men in the Indonesian archipelago. This is very similar to Egyptian-Egyptian fez . In Indonesia, the black velvet cap has become a national headdress with a secular nationalist connotation popularized by Sukarno. A number of activists of the Indonesian nationalist movement in the early 20th century, such as Soekarno, Muhammad Hatta and Agus Salim, wore caps to convey their nationalistic sentiments and to show their Indonesian identity. Indonesian male presidents always wear capi as part of official dress of their presidency.
Since then, black velvet capi has been approved as national headwear for Indonesian men. It is used throughout Indonesia, mainly by government officials and men (usually Muslim men) across the country. The cap is usually worn with batik shirts or western style suits by men in Indonesia for those attending formal events. It is also commonly used during Islamic religious events. Senior citizens of Muslim men throughout Indonesia - usually in Jakarta who identify themselves as native Betawi, also use this capi every day. It is also a traditional dress of the Betawi people as well as other ethnic groups, especially in the western part of Indonesia which is mostly Muslim.
Maps National costume of Indonesia
Regional costume
In addition to national costumes, each province in Indonesia - more precisely each ethnic group in Indonesia, has their own traditional costumes. This regional costume in Indonesian is called traditional clothing or traditional clothing , and comes from traditional Indonesian traditional textiles and handicrafts.. The best opportunity to see examples of traditional Indonesian costumes is by attending traditional wedding ceremonies. Traditional costumes differ according to function and opportunity; the most elaborate and luxurious usually reserved only for the bride and groom, while the traditional costumes are more commonly worn by locals during traditional ceremonies. Some examples of Indonesian regional costume ( custom clothing ) are:
Textile
Branded batik , a design that takes months to create; double weave ties from the islands of Nusa Tenggara, Bugis silk santa sarong from Sulawesi, Balinese cloth-painted prada ; glittering songket from Palembang using silver thread and gold metallic yarn in cotton wool or silk tie ; and woven filter from Lampung. The weave of 34 provinces uses different materials, methods, colors and designs. Especially formed behind a loom, weeks or months spent creating intricate designs for everyday use or ceremonial attire. The weave is primarily known for its different techniques used to create distinctive designs.
The symbolism of various ethnic groups is evident in various textiles. The colors, shapes and settings all have special meaning. Certain designs may only be worn by women or men, or only by members of royal or noble families. Special textiles are worn or exchanged in the life cycle or the right of a circulation ceremony celebrating birth, circumcision, puberty, marriage, childbirth and death. Textiles play an important role in many traditional events and ceremonies.
The fourteenth-century written records document the importance of textiles in the social and religious life of Indonesians. A very distinctive traditional dress, or custom clothing , best indicates the diversity of textile use throughout the archipelago. The more elaborate wedding dress features the best of the textiles and traditions of each province's ornamental jewelry.
- Sarong is the most popular waist garment in Indonesia mainly worn by men. It is popular among Muslim men across Indonesia as well as by other regions and tribes across the country. It is mainly used in Java, Bali, Sumatra, Borneo, and other places. This is very similar to the Indian Lungi.
- Songket , hand woven silk or cotton, and intricate patterns with gold or silver threads. In Indonesia, songket is more common in Sumatra and the Lesser Sunda Islands (Bali, Lombok and Sumbawa), whereas in Java, batik is more popular. Various songket patterns are traditionally produced in Sumatra, Kalimantan, Bali, Sulawesi, Lombok and Sumbawa. In Sumatra the famous songket production center is in Minangkabau Pandai Sikek area, West Sumatera, Jambi City. Jambi and Palembang, South Sumatra. In Bali, songket production villages can be found in Klungkung District, especially in the villages of Sidemen and Gelgel. While on the neighboring island of Lombok, Sukarara village in Jonggat district, Central Lombok regency, is famous for songket making.
- Ties , a coloring technique used for textile patterns that use a dye-resistant staining process before coloring and weaving cloth. In Indonesia, this is more prevalent in the Lesser Sunda Islands, especially on the islands of Bali, Sumba, Flores and Timor. It can also be found in Sumatra, Kalimantan and Sulawesi among Batak, Dayak and Toraja tribes.
- Ulos , traditional hand-woven cotton fabrics, and intricate patterns, especially for the Batak tribe in North Sumatra are usually draped over the shoulders during traditional occasions.
- Filters , traditional hand woven fabrics, especially for Lampung province in the southern part of Sumatra.
- Weaving , is actually a generic Indonesian term for "weaving". It covers a wide variety of traditional Indonesian hand-woven textiles.
Clothing
In the Indonesian archipelago, the most basic and traditional way of wearing traditional clothing, simply by wrapping traditional cloth around the hips as a cloth or slip and securing it; and for women, wrapping the body with kemben (body wrap). This practice can still be found in Java, Bali, and Nusa Tenggara. Nevertheless, the development and expansion of sewing and dressing techniques has created tailored shirts for men and women. Tattoos fit women kebaya and batik shirts designed specifically for men are examples of traditional clothing that currently transcends ethnic boundaries in Indonesia and has become a national costume. In addition to both, there are a number of clothing or shirts made specifically in Indonesia.
Men
- Koko shirts also known as shirts , traditional Malay-Indonesian Muslim men's shirts, usually worn during religious occasions, such as Friday prayers or during the festival Lebaran (Idul Fitri). Usually used with sarong and cap .
- Beskap , traditional Javanese dress worn by men for formal traditional dress
Female
- Kemben , is a classical Javanese female body wrap that is historically common in Java and Bali, generally using batik cloth.
- Baju kurung , blouse of Malay women.
- Baju bodo , a loose and somewhat transparent Bugis-Makassar woman blouse from South Sulawesi.
- Daster is a women's informal home outfit made of thin fabrics and is a complete body dress. Usually have motifs of batik and widely used by women in the house in Indonesia.
Headgear
Different regions, islands, tribes and cultures in Indonesia have their own head/head clothes worn traditionally by certain people in the area. The capis or songkok is the official national headwear worn by men all over Indonesia, usually worn by government officials. Men's clothing is usually made of traditional fabrics, while women's headwear is often made up of metal jewelry that is sometimes decorated with bouquets. Examples of different headwear throughout the country are:
Male
- Blangkon , Javanese male head cover
- Iket , cover the head of the Sundanese man
- Kupiah , head cover of Acehnese man
- Tanjak , head cover Malay men
- Shrimp , cover the heads of Balinese men
- Beluko ​​â € <â € <, Dayak Dayak hats; there are different versions for men and women
Women's
- Konde or bun , initially refers to the type of hairdo. Today, it refers to the hairbun extension, which is attached to the back of the head. Generally worn by women in Java and Bali as part of their kebaya costume . The hairbuns are usually made of natural human hair. Konde is usually secured with a condensed skirt , and decorated with jasmine bouquets or other hair ornaments.
- Shake (lit.: "shaking flower") or submersion , a gold flower emblem attached to a hairbun. Similar metallic flower hair ornaments can be found throughout Indonesia, but are more common in Java and Bali.
- Jamang , a crown like a gilded tiara, worn around the forehead to the side of the head. It comes from the Hindu-Buddhist heritage, now still used in Javanese and Balinese performances, puppets of Java, srimpi, and Sundanese bridal headgear.
- Siger , head cover of a large horned and gold plated woman. Today, usually made of brass. In Palembang, a smaller, similar version is known as singkar .
- Suntiang , a high gold Minang crown, large and somewhat heavy for the bride. Traditionally made of gold, today is usually made of brass.
- Hooks , horned head dresses made of traditional folded fabrics (usually songket ), unique to Minang culture, especially Bundo Kanduang costume.
- Veil , a traditional Muslim women's veil with a loose fabric overhead. Unlike completely covered veils, hair and neck parts are still visible.
- Hijab , a more conservative Muslim women's veil, adopted from the Middle Eastern style. Usually worn by more conservative Muslim women. Unlike the veil , the hair and neck are completely covered.
See also
- Indonesian Culture
- Etiquette in Indonesia
- Folk costume
- Indonesian cuisine
- Indonesian Native
- Traditional house
References
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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